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When concrete is in a wet environment and exposed to freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles, tensile stresses develop within the concrete. Localized damage to the surface of concrete can also occur when deicing salts are used. Concrete is most at risk for this type of damage when it is close to being saturated. This can lead to damage in just a few F-T cycles.
This MAP Brief answers the following questions:
- Why do we entrain air in concrete?
- What kind of air-void system do we need?
- How do we get a good air-void system?
- How do we know we have a good air-void system?
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